Tendencies to search for, interpret and remember information in a way that fits what a person already believes, and to reject what contradicts it. A phenomenon belongs here when its cited article describes this favoring of existing belief. Every member sits in the Psychology Atlas as its own page with a definition, cited sources and links to related effects, so the group works as a reading path through Confirmation Biases rather than as a claim that the members share one cause. Where scholars disagree about how an effect should be classified, the member page says so.
All Confirmation Biases
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Confirmation bias (Wikipedia)
Has Member: Confirmation Bias, LeadQuote, Has Member: Confirmation Bias, Lead
Confirmation bias (also confirmatory bias, myside bias, or congeniality bias) is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor and recall information in a way that confirms or supports one's prior beliefs, values, or decisions.
Wikipedia: Congruence bias
Wikimedia FoundationHas Member: Congruence Bias, LeadQuote, Has Member: Congruence Bias, Lead
Congruence bias is the tendency of people to over-rely on testing their initial hypothesis (the most congruent one) while neglecting to test alternative hypotheses.
Wikipedia: Selective perception
Wikimedia FoundationHas Member: Selective Perception, LeadQuote, Has Member: Selective Perception, Lead
Selective perception is the tendency to not notice and more quickly forget stimuli that cause emotional discomfort and contradict prior beliefs.
Source bias (Wikipedia)
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Source bias is the tendency to select information sources to support a confirmation bias or negativity bias on a particular set of beliefs or values.
Wikipedia: Semmelweis Reflex
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The Semmelweis reflex or "Semmelweis effect" is a metaphor for the reflex-like tendency to reject new evidence or new knowledge because it contradicts established norms, beliefs, or paradigms.
Wikipedia: Belief bias
Wikimedia FoundationHas Member: Belief Bias, LeadQuote, Has Member: Belief Bias, Lead
A person is more likely to accept an argument that supports a conclusion that aligns with their values, beliefs and prior knowledge, while rejecting counter arguments to the conclusion.
Cherry picking, Wikipedia
Has Member: Cherry Picking, LeadQuote, Has Member: Cherry Picking, Lead
In the legal science, journalism and epidemiology, the term refers to a reporting bias or the act of selectively suppressing evidence.
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