Memory Biases and Effects

Groups the phenomena whose central finding concerns how memory itself is formed, distorted or later recalled. Belongs here: the Hindsight Bias, which describes the tendency to see a past outcome as having been predictable only after it is known, and the Serial-Position Effect, which describes the systematic advantage recall gives to items at the start and end of a list over those in the middle. A phenomenon whose distortion concerns a live judgment or an ongoing choice rather than the encoding or retrieval of memory itself is filed under decision-making and judgment biases instead.