Edward Deci and Richard Ryan formally introduced self-determination theory in their 1985 book Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior, arguing that people are naturally inclined toward growth and well-being when certain psychological conditions are met, rather than driven mainly by external reward and punishment.
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Core ClaimPeople are intrinsically motivated toward growth and well-being when three universal psychological needs are met: autonomy, the sense of acting from one's own will; competence, the sense of mastery and effectiveness; and relatedness, the sense of caring connection to others. 1 Nature or Nurture Emphasis Self-Determination Theory
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Motivation crowding theory's account of extrinsic incentives displacing intrinsic motivation draws directly on self-determination theory's intrinsic/extrinsic motivation distinction, and the two are routinely discussed together in the motivation literature.
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1. Wikipedia: Self-Determination Theory
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Self-determination theory (SDT) is a macro theory of human motivation and personality regarding individuals' innate tendencies toward growth and innate psychological needs.
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These needs are said to be universal and innate.
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