Edward Wheeler Scripture

Edward Wheeler Scripture (1864 to 1945) was an American physician and psychologist who founded the experimental psychology laboratory at Yale University, directed the Vanderbilt Speech Clinic at Columbia University and was a founder of the American Psychological Association. Born in Mason, New Hampshire, he earned a Dr. phil. at Leipzig University under Wilhelm Wundt with a dissertation on the association of ideas, and later took a medical degree at Munich in 1906. At Yale he developed a pendulum chronoscope for timing reactions and, with his wife, researched phonetics, but a dispute with the department chair George Trumbull Ladd over how to define the science of psychology ended with his dismissal in 1903. He became best known for speech science, treating stuttering and lisping with a method he called the octave twist, and he later ran speech clinics in London and Vienna.