Walter Mischel was an Austrian-born American personality psychologist best known for the Stanford marshmallow experiments on delayed gratification in children and for his 1968 book Personality and Assessment, whose critique of trait-based prediction catalyzed the person-situation debate. He later proposed the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS), describing personality as a set of situation-behavior, if-then patterns rather than fixed traits.
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Nationality / Culture Defining ContributionProposed the cognitive-affective personality system (CAPS), describing personality as manifesting through if-then, situation-behavior relations that form contextualized, psychologically meaningful 'personality signatures,' rather than through fixed cross-situational traits. 1 Notable WorkPersonality and Assessment (1968) 1 Walter Mischel
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Source Walter Mischel (Wikipedia)
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Source Wikipedia: Stanford marshmallow experiment
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Source Wikipedia: Person-Situation Debate
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1. Wikipedia: Walter Mischel
Wikimedia FoundationLead section
Austrian-born American psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology.
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February 22, 1930 - September 12, 2018
Situation and behavior section
He argued that these individual differences would not be expressed in consistent cross-situational behavior, but instead, he suggested that consistency would be found in distinctive but stable patterns of if-then, situation-behavior relations that form contextualized, psychologically meaningful "personality signatures" (e.g., "s/he does A when X, but does B when Y").
Bibliography
Mischel, W. (1968). Personality and assessment. New York: Wiley.
Associated With: Personality Psychology, Lead paragraph
an Austrian-born American psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology
Wikipedia: Person-Situation Debate
Wikimedia FoundationTheories and Concepts Developed: Person-Situation Debate
Wikipedia: Stanford marshmallow experiment
Wikimedia FoundationStudies Conducted: Stanford Marshmallow Experiment
Walter Mischel (Wikipedia)
In Branch: Social Psychology, Lead sectionQuote, In Branch: Social Psychology, Lead section
Walter Mischel (German: [ˈvaltɐ ˈmɪʃl̩]; February 22, 1930 - September 12, 2018) was an Austrian-born American psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology.
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