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Psychological Phenomena

Cryptomnesia

Memory Biases and Effects

Cryptomnesia is a memory phenomenon in which a person genuinely believes they have generated a new thought, idea or piece of work, when in fact they are unconsciously recalling something they were previously exposed to without recognizing it as a memory. It differs from ordinary forgetting in that the earlier material actively resurfaces, but stripped of its source, so the person experiences it as original rather than as a remembered fact. Cryptomnesia has been raised as a possible explanation in a number of high-profile allegations of unintentional plagiarism in music and literature, since a musician or writer can genuinely be unaware that a passage they believe they created was in fact something they had previously heard or read.

Facts
Core Claim
The subject is not deliberately plagiarizing; a genuinely forgotten memory resurfaces and is experienced as a fresh thought, idea, tune or joke, a pattern first studied through spiritualist mediums who mistook long-buried recollections for messages from elsewhere. 1
First Described Year
1874 1
Classification
Type of Phenomenon
Cognitive Phenomenon 1
Connections

In Branch

Sources
1. Wikipedia: Cryptomnesia
Wikimedia Foundation
  • lead paragraph, definition
    Cryptomnesia occurs when a forgotten memory returns without it being recognized as such by the subject, who believes it is something new and original.
  • lead section, defining sentence
    Cryptomnesia occurs when a forgotten memory returns without it being recognized as such by the subject, who believes it is something new and original.
  • origin/history passage
    Cryptomnesia was first documented in 1874, involving the medium Stainton Moses, who during a séance believed himself to be in spiritual contact with two brothers from India who had recently been killed.
  • lead section, phenomenon-kind classification
    Cryptomnesia occurs when a forgotten memory returns without it being recognized as such by the subject, who believes it is something new and original.
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