Reuben Fine

Reuben Fine (1914 to 1993) was an American chess player and psychologist, born in the Bronx, New York City, to Russian Jewish parents. He was one of the strongest chess players in the world from the mid-1930s until his retirement from chess in 1951, took equal first place at the 1938 AVRO tournament, won the US Open seven times and was granted the title of International Grandmaster by FIDE in 1950. After the Second World War he earned a doctorate in psychology from the University of Southern California, worked as a psychologist and university professor, and wrote many books on chess and on psychology. His book The Psychology of the Chess Player applied Freudian theory to chess masters, and he later published A History of Psychoanalysis in 1979.