Berlin School of experimental psychology

The Berlin School of experimental psychology was founded in 1893 by Carl Stumpf, a pupil of Franz Brentano and Hermann Lotze, at the University of Berlin, where he founded the Berlin Laboratory of Experimental Psychology. It followed the method of experimental phenomenology, which treated psychology as the science of phenomena, and it is noted as the originator of Gestalt psychology. Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang Köhler are named as members, and Kurt Lewin was another of Stumpf's pupils whose work grew out of the school. Stumpf chaired the institute for twenty-six years and was succeeded by Köhler, and after Köhler took over the direction in 1922 the school became in effect a school for Gestalt psychology, stressing objects as units of experience rather than sensations.